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17-September 2008: Is solar energy technology the silver bullet for the world's energy needs, the geo-political turmoil, and the earth's environmental problems? I always thought there was no excuse for not going solar. After all, if the sun can power our weather and power life, then it must be the energy of choice, right?
Cynicism aside, this thought exercise (exacerbated by the book Solar Revolution by Travis Bradford) yields some surprising conclusions and a real sense of optimism. Why? Read on to find out!
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THOUGHT PROVOCATION
Ever since my admittedly emotional assessment over a year ago concerning the future of waterfalls, I slowly (albeit grudgingly) started to accept its depressing conclusion while trying to do what I can to stop (or at least slow down) the demise of our environment no matter how small or inconsequential my impact would be. Sometimes I wonder how different the world would've been had Al Gore won the presidency back in 2000 instead of George W. Bush, which by the way was under very suspect circumstances in which numerous votes were discounted in one of the last states reporting the results of the election - Florida (who happened to be governed by Jeb Bush, GW's brother); does the words "hanging chads" or "pregnant chads" ring a bell? But my sentiment started to change after I finished reading Solar Revolution by Travid Bradford (a former fund manager and corporate buyout specialist), which makes a very compelling case for the inevitable dominance of solar energy technology (namely photovoltaics or PV) purely on the basis of economics and self-interest.
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THE CURRENT (UNSUSTAINABLE) WORLD ORDER
Under the current status quo, the world population and its thirst for energy continue to increase rapidly. Energy needs to be procured to meet this demand in the face of scarcity, and the current methodology (as we know it today) is to...
- drill for more oil
- mine for more coal
- block and/or divert more rivers for hydro and irrigation
- clear more forests for more fuel, raw materials, and land
- substitute more food crops for biofuels
- build up more nuclear reactors while using more land to bury waste
- go to war to plunder someone else's resources
Notice how the above-mentioned energy methods tend to have centralized, distributed deliver mechanisms? That's because they're monopolizable.
I also left energy efficiency measures out of the picture because it alone won't put a dent into the world's increasing energy needs (though it certainly does help in general by reducing our carbon footprint individually). And although wind, geothermal, hydrogen fuel-cell, and solar are often discussed, they take a back seat to the above-mentioned means of procuring energy.
The proof?
Look at our government's subsidies for dirty energy compared to truly renewable energy (by the way, you have to look very closely beyond the chart because the renewable energy and coal line items are grossly misrepresented; not surprising since such information is easily distorted by special interests). So as much as we'd like to leave politics out of our lives, it's pretty obvious that it directly influences not only our lives but of those around the world as well. Indeed, we're all in this together - for better or worse!
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SO WHY CHAMPION SOLAR ENERGY?
For starters, the survival of almost every organism on this planet requires some form of solar energy. Whether it's...
- plants and algae storing the sun's energy in sugars via photosynthesis
- animals consuming other animals or plants which store the energy within them as fat, muscle, sugar, etc.
- burning wood or dung for heat, cooking, and light
- or burning dead matter (i.e. fossil fuels) to release the sun's stored energy for whatever it is we use it for today
...you could argue that at some level, nearly every form of energy we're familiar with is derived from the sun. Solar energy technology (primarily in the form of photovoltaics or PV), is a more direct way of converting energy from the sun's radiation to our needs.
Unlike the ways of harnessing energy in the past, PV is a truly clean energy in comparison. With PVs, the pollutants are only coming from the processes of the manufacture and treatment of silicon plus pollutants from the production of metals for electrical contact and conduction as well as the usual cost of product delivery. Compare that to the amount of mining, drilling, refining, infrastructure, etc. to procure fossil fuels and then the gases released after use! Likewise, you could look at displacement, silt-buildup, and river ecosystem disruption from hydroelectricity. Moreover, there's the practically unsolvable problem of radioactive waste and constant maintenance for nuclear fission power. Indeed, the list goes on and on.
Meanwhile in terms of operation, solar cells require the minimal use of moving parts (energy is all in the quantum physics of the silicon and doped impurities) and detrimental chemical reactions, and it's always collecting the sun's radiation (even under cloud cover) during the day when residential use is minimal. Moreover, solar cells have the ability of being scalable in much the same way computer chips have advanced under Moore's Law (i.e. the transistor density doubles almost every 2 years) in the first silicon revolution. There are even more promising advances in cost-effective photovoltaic manufacturing regarding thin film PV as the San Jose company Nanosolar has demonstrated.
When it comes to retrofitting solar technology to existing infrastructure, there are existing programs that can send excess energy generation (from solar or wind in residences) back to the power grid. Under this paradigm, imagine if every home and office building had some form of solar energy collection on their rooftops or window awnings? Or if every street light or pole was accompanied by a collector or concentrator? Or if terrestrial rail tracks were lined with them? Or if parking garages had solar panel canopies to charge parked vehicles? There could even be solar-powered plug-in electric vehicles or hydrogen fuel-cell plug-in hybrids (once they figure out how to get cheaply extract hydrogen from a source other than natural gas, a fossil fuel). Indeed, the possibilities are limitless.
While there are naysayers (mostly from monopolizable energy proponents), the adoption of solar proliferation is delayed due to the need for energy storage (to smooth out intermittencies in solar energy and for nocturnal use), cost to mass produce and deploy, and most importantly, politics. The first two factors can be mitigated with investment and concentrated effort. However, it's the last factor where all of us could do our part through our vote.
Given these factors, the solar route is the most sensible choice if we are to continue our energy-intensive, industrialized ways. You'd be hard pressed to come up with an alternative that even comes close to its viability. In fact, Bradford's book goes another step further in arguing that solar is an inevitability.
If this indeed is true, this is good news for our environment and our waterfalls since we'd see fewer dams, less pollution, less CO2 emissions, etc. Only then can we start talking about decommissioning (and taking down) dams, restoring native ecosystems, slowing down water diversion, desalinizing sea water, etc. Sure there are still other issues to worry about like loss of biodiversity, overpopulation, etc., but at least the energy issue would take significant steps in the right direction for the first time since the advent of human civilization.
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THE TIME IS NOW!
Even if PV dominance is inevitable, I sense that action needs to take place now, because we're well on our way towards a sixth mass extinction (all climate-related events, by the way). Plus, our window of opportunity to at least give us a chance to prolong our existence as a species on earth is closing fast (like, maybe in our generation and not necessarily the generation of our kids or their kids)! Such action has been long overdue since the Reagan Administration did away with the Carter Administration's push to accelerate solar development over 30 years ago.
But with the critical election in November, US citizens have an opportunity to attempt to reverse the damage Republicans have done (especially in the last eight years under the Bush Administration) and vote in an administration that will accelerate us away from monopolizable forms of energy (i.e. fossil fuels, nuclear, hydro, and even food-competing bio-fuels). Besides, we are already feeling the consequences of our failure to oust Bush from power four years ago what with the climate getting more unstable, the economy entering another Great Depression, our crumbling infrastructure, the rise of terrorism, etc., etc. Can we really afford to fall for the misinformation, empty promises, criminal activities, and outright lies by Republicans John McCain and Sarah Palin while their proponents continue in their ways at the expense of the rest of the world?
Like Bradford says in Solar Revolution , I too, see the adoption of solar technology as the vehicle for the recovery of our economy, the preservation of our planet, and even the increased likelihood of world peace and social order due to our decreased dependence on scarce resources. But like I said earlier, even if PV will eventually dominate (based purely on economic principles) despite the best Republican efforts to maintain their wealth and delay true renewable energy proliferation at all costs, I shudder to think what the consequences will be if McCain and Palin win the election followed by their mantra of "Drill baby drill!"
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